Networking CCNA Hands-On Practical Activities

 

1. VLAN Configuration

Objective: Create separate networks for different departments.
Tools: Cisco Switches (Packet Tracer or real)

Steps:


Switch> enable
Switch# configure terminal
Switch(config)# vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)# name Sales
Switch(config)# vlan 20
Switch(config-vlan)# name HR
Switch(config)# exit
Switch(config)# interface fa0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport access vlan 10

✅ Skill Learned: Network segmentation, VLAN assignment.

2. VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol) Setup

Objective: Manage VLANs centrally.
Roles:

  • Switch 1: VTP Server

  • Switch 2: VTP Client

Commands:


Switch(config)# vtp domain CCNA
Switch(config)# vtp mode server
Switch(config)# vtp password cisco

✅ Skill Learned: Central VLAN management, reducing manual work.

3. Inter-VLAN Routing

Objective: Allow communication between VLANs.
Tools: Layer 3 Switch or Router-on-a-Stick

Commands (Router-on-a-Stick):

Router(config)# interface g0/0.10
Router(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1Q 10
Router(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
Router(config)# interface g0/0.20
Router(config-subif)# encapsulation dot1Q 20
Router(config-subif)# ip address 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0

✅ Skill Learned: Routing between VLANs.

4. STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) Configuration

Objective: Prevent loops in a network.
Commands:


Switch(config)# spanning-tree vlan 1 priority 4096

✅ Skill Learned: Loop prevention, root bridge selection.

5. Port Security

Objective: Prevent unauthorized devices.
Commands:


Switch(config)# interface fa0/1
Switch(config-if)# switchport mode access
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security maximum 1
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security violation shutdown
Switch(config-if)# switchport port-security mac-address sticky

✅ Skill Learned: Access control on switch ports.

6. Basic Routing Protocols

Example: OSPF


Router(config)# router ospf 1
Router(config-router)# network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0

✅ Skill Learned: Dynamic routing configuration.

7. Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Example: Deny HR VLAN from accessing Sales VLAN


Router(config)# access-list 100 deny ip 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255
Router(config)# access-list 100 permit ip any any
Router(config)# interface g0/0.20
Router(config-if)# ip access-group 100 out

✅ Skill Learned: Traffic filtering and security.

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